Kraków 2013-11-04
Radars.
The Jawor radar family.
In 1956, the Industrial Telecommunications Institute (PIT) started developing a new series of radar stations codenamed Jawor. These radars were to have much better technical parameters than the Nysa family of radars. They have been referred to as Radar Detection and Guidance Stations (RSWN). The final stage of research and development was a radar built in 1961.
An important feature of the radar sets was their mobility, possibly the possibility of being transported. The difference was that the mobile types were mounted on car chassis, and the transportable types were mounted on trailers, i.e. a structure with its own road wheels. As during this period, the Polish Automobile Industry did not produce trucks with a sufficiently high load capacity, therefore cooperation was established with the Tatra car factory in Czechoslovakia. The first Jawor mobile radar was mounted on the Tatra-111 truck, which were produced in the period 1942 – 1962. The Jawor radar (1961) together with the Bogota radio altimeter formed a three-coordinate set of detecting and guiding one’s aviation towards a detected air target.
Basic data of the Jawor-1 radar station; Range 150-200 km. Working band L, and according to new markings D. Frequency range 1-2 GHz. Wavelength 30-15 cm. Power in an impulse of 1,500 kW. The pulse width was 3 ps. 400 Hz repetition rate. The station was made in tube technology. In the period 1963 – 1969, in WZR-RAWAR, several dozen Jawor-Bogota sets were built on the chassis of the Tatra-138 car.
Jawor-M radar.
In 1963, the Polish Ministry of National Defense increased the requirements and placed an order for a radar codenamed Jawor-M. Joint efforts of PIT (Przemysłowy Instytut Telekomunikacji in Warsaw) and WZR RAWAR (producer) led to the creation in 1966 of a radar detection and guidance station designated Jawor-M. The basic change was the use of semiconductor and transistor circuits in the construction. Coherent and autocoherent TSE systems with double subtraction on memory lamps were used. The dimensions of the antenna increased to 9 m. The range slightly increased, but the quality of the obtained radar echo increased. The kit consists of the Jawor-M radar and the Bogota-M altimeter. The kit includes 1 012 lamps, 381 transistors and 1 464 other semiconductor elements. Production started in 1967 and several dozen sets were built. Basic data of the Jawor-M radar station; Range 180 km. Jawor-M was used in the Polish Army until 1988.
Written by Karol Placha Hetman