Category: Navigation

In the 1960s, the 9K52 missile system aroused legitimate fear among European societies. Both in the countries of Western Europe and in the countries of Central Europe, because these missiles could be equipped with nuclear warheads. At that time, the name atomic weapon was used.

In this part, we present more photos of electro-lighting devices in aviation.

Military aviation in the times of the Polish People’s Republic, similarly to the land forces and the navy, used a large number of radio receivers of various types over the years. From highly specialized to ordinary civilian. The latter in soldier clubs, electro-acoustic broadcasting stations on NYSA 522 cars, companies, guardhouses, remote facilities (distant and…

"S-2 Sopka" is a Russian air-to-water and ground-water anti-ship missile. Other designations of the missile are KS-2, 4K87, which were assigned by design offices. In CCCP "S-2 Sopka" it was the first complex of a heavy air-water missile class and the first complex of coastal defense against enemy ships.

Beacons, also called PAR (Privodnaya Aerodromnaja Radiostante) guiding radios or otherwise (Privodnaya Avyacionnaya Radiostance) and APR (Avtomatizirowannaja Privodnaya Radiostante), are designed to cooperate with aircraft radiocompasses. In the 20th century, apart from aeronautical beacons, shoreline naval beacons operating in the 283.5 – 325 kHz range were also used. They allowed ships to take a bearing…

Military landing systems were divided into: instrument landing system (USL) and landing system according to commands from the ground, in Poland called the radiolocation landing system (RSL) – translated into Polish Russian abbreviation RSP (radio-locationnaja sistema posadki). The USL system included a distant beacon, a beacon, a closer beacon, beacons and electro-light devices. The USL…

Terminal is the modern name for an airport station. The largest airports have up to four terminals. Passengers are checked in at the terminals. There you can buy a ticket. They’re there; waiting rooms, information points, bars, restaurants, shops, chapels, toilets, airport facilities and much more.

The runway lighting is to facilitate the orientation of the crew as to their position during poor visibility and at night. The better the airport, the more extensive the lighting is. Additionally, the number of faulty lamps must not exceed 1%. The worse the airport, the smaller the requirements are. There are many airports in…

In the military aviation in the times of the Polish People’s Republic, various types of tape recorders, most often produced by the USSR, were used to record ground-to-air conversations, telephone conversations and for special purposes. The country had experience in recording sound, which was carried out in many ways. That is, work on electromechanical sound…

In many state institutions of the Polish People’s Republic, including the army, there was a need to send documents by radio or by telephone lines. Various types of telecopy cameras were used for this purpose, sending photographs or drawings. In the military aviation, meteorological stations and offices received radio-broadcast synoptic maps. The staffs of tactical…