Chabówka 2023-08-02
Passenger cars type 111A. 1976.
Passenger car of the "Y" standard, Polish production, type 111A, Bwxz, No. 51 51 20-80 107-8, manufactured in 1976, in HCP.
Photo description: Passenger car type 111A manufactured by HCP. Number 515120-80 107-8; 51 - fixed track gauge, non-air-conditioned, 51 - PKP, 20 - 2nd class passenger car, 80 - running speed 140 - 160 km/h, 107 - serial number, 8 - self-monitoring digit. Bwxz designation: B - 2 Class, w - car with HV cable for high voltage, for electric heating, x - car with steam heating, alternative heating, z - declassified car. Passenger car type 111A; Bwxz, producer of HCP.
The wagon was developed as a development version of the 104A type wagon. The 111A wagon was in production in the period 1969-1989, i.e. for twenty years. A total of 2,825 were produced. That is, it is the type of passenger car that has been produced the longest and in the largest quantity. In addition to the HCP factory, these wagons were produced by the PaFaWag factory. Until now, about 1,500 copies have been used, which have undergone minor or major modifications. In their time, they were very modern and successful Polish passenger cars.
Already at the end of the 19th century, national railway authorities met with the aim of unifying standards for passenger cars in international traffic. Since these meetings were a discussion forum, everyone interpreted the instructions in their own way. The first problem that was solved positively was the gauge of tracks in Europe. On standard-gauge lines it is 1,435 mm. At the beginning of the 20th century, used wagons were from 20 m to even 27 m long, which necessarily determined a smaller or larger number of compartments. Germany (FRG) from 1951 introduced wagons, which were later referred to as the "X" standard. Their characteristic feature was an overall length of 26.40 m and six-seat compartments in both 1st and 2nd Class. The 2nd class car had 12 compartments and the 1st class car had 10 compartments. At the same time, other national administrations felt that the "X" standard cars were too comfortable and less economical. Therefore, the "Y" standard was developed, which in 1961 was also adopted as a standard. The "Y" standard was adopted in France and the countries of the Eastern Bloc.
The distinguishing feature of the "Y" standard cars is the total length of 24.50 m. The 2nd Class cars have 10 passenger compartments with 8 seats in each. The 1st Class carriages have 9 compartments with 6 seats in each.
The genesis of type 111A wagons.
The ancestor of the 111A type car is the 104A type car developed in 1962 in Poznań. The 104A car was designed for a travel speed of up to 160 km/h. The prototype wagon was made in 1964 at the HCP plant. The wagons were serially produced until 1969. 80 were built. The wagon was characterized by a broken entrance door. The double-leaf inter-car doors were slid sideways manually. In 1978, the production of type 104A cars was resumed and another 100 examples were built.
The 104A series cars and their derivatives were designed as long-distance cars for domestic and international traffic.
In 1969, a revised 2nd Class coach was designed. It received the designation type 111A. The manufacturer's mark HCP or PaFaWag is often added in the literature. The 111A type car, depending on the rolling bogies used, is designed for speeds of 140 or 160 km/h. The wagons were produced (intermittently) from 1969 to 1989. Other sources say until 1992. In HCP, 2nd Class passenger cars, type 111A, were built in 1969-1971 and 1976-1978. They were produced in the PaFaWag plants in the period 1969-1992. Some sources say that production started as early as 1967. A total of 2,825 cars were produced, which makes the type 111A the longest series of wagons in Poland. Currently (2021) there are about 1,500 wagons in operation, and many of them have undergone numerous modifications.
Appearance.
From the outside, type 111A cars are distinguished by the number of windows: 10 full-size windows and 2 smaller ones in the toilets / vestibules. The windows in the toilets have frosted glass. There are also windows in the front door. The roof can be grooved or smooth (PaFaWag). There may be a different number of ventilators and their arrangement on the roof of the wagon. Wagons differ in boarding rails. The entrance to the carriage has three steps or two steps. The entrance door is broken, much more convenient to open than a single-leaf door, although it is still opened manually. The bottom of the box has a folded (PaFaWag) or straight (HCP) edge. Rolling bogies other than 4ANc were used in some types of wagons.
The cars were steam and electrically heated. From 1973, the production of wagons (111Ac) was started, equipped only with electric heating. In the 1980s, electric heating was already installed - supply air. In 1984, the production of wagons with alternative steam heating was completely abandoned. Steam heating was used when the train was in steam or diesel traction (SU45, SU46 locomotives).
All wagons in Poland were painted dark green. 1st Class carriages had an additional gold (yellow) band above the windows. The roofs were painted gray and the carts black. In the central place of the side of the car, there is an inscription PKP, and below it the digital marking of the car. Near the entrance door there was a car class number and, possibly, the information "Smoking car", "Smoking car".
Construction of the 111A car.
Type 111A is a Class 2 car with 10 compartments in the box, and in each compartment there were 8 passenger seats, with soft benches. The seats were numbered. The entrances to the wagon are located at both ends of the box, on both sides of the side. In addition, there are double-leaf sliding doors in the front walls that allow you to move to the next car.
There is one toilet at each end of the car. Each toilet is equipped with a window, the upper part of which is hinged for additional ventilation. There is an open system toilet bowl in the toilet, so you were not allowed to use the toilet in the station. There was hot and cold water in the sink. There was a liquid soap dispenser by the sink as well as a toilet paper holder and a dustpan. Locking the door from the inside of the toilet turned on the red lamp with the word WC in the corridor above the swinging door.
The hallway was accessed by a swinging door that was always closed when at rest. It was enough to push the door slightly to go further. The doors were made of aluminum and glass. A heater was placed along the corridor, near the floor. On the side with windows, between them, there were tilting chairs with expensive upholstery. The chairs were for travelers for whom there was no room in the compartments.
Manual sliding doors lead to each compartment. The sofas are soft, upholstered in brown material with the PKP logo. Above the couches are duralumin luggage racks. Between the back of the sofa and the shelves there are mirrors and pictures of landscapes. The windows have brown curtains with the PKP logo. In each compartment there is a lighting and heating control. The control panel is located above the entrance door to the compartment. The car lighting was electric; fluorescent lamps. The entire interior is finished with aluminum alloys, glass and laminated boards.
The body of the wagons is made of low-alloy carbon steel. The frame, side walls, end walls and roof are welded to form a single self-supporting structure. The frame is made of bent U-sections from 3 mm thick sheet metal. The skeleton of the wagon was made of bent sections with a thickness of 2 - 3 mm. The cover of the box is made of 2 mm thick sheet metal. 1 mm thick sheet metal was used for the corrugated roof. The frame is equipped with thermal and acoustic insulation. The anti-moisture and anti-corrosion insulation was made of asphalt paints, with a coating thickness of about 1-2 mm. In addition, polystyrene boards were used. The front walls of the wagon have rounded edges for a more streamlined shape.
Full-size windows are made of aluminum alloys, divided into two parts; the lower part is fixed, the upper one opens downwards. The windows are single panes, 5 mm thick. In the 1980s, some windows were installed unopened as a single pane. The windows in the vestibules and toilets are smaller with hinged tops. The windows in the toilets are frosted.
Pine or spruce beams were placed on the mainstay, and impregnated plywood with a thickness of 15, 17 or 19 mm was placed on them. Vinyl on plywood. The floor in the toilets is made as a bathtub made of polyester or epoxy resin reinforced with fiberglass. The partition walls are made of 8 - 10 mm waterproof plywood. Felt and polystyrene were used as soundproofing and insulation. Laminate and aluminum or plastic profiles were used as a finish.
The gangways have double-leaf doors that are manually moved to the sides. From the outside, the doors between the cars are covered with rubber rollers. The wagons use a classic screw coupler and classic buffers equipped with springs. The buffer stroke is 11 cm. Each end of the car was equipped with two electric red lights, and additionally hooks for end-of-train signals. In the front wall there are high-voltage electrical connectors, brake system and steam heating system.
Interior finish.
The carriage has soft sofas in the compartments. Four passengers fit on one couch. The sofas on the edges and in the middle had armrests. Fabric upholstery. Initially in brown with patterns with the PKP logo. Above the sofas there are shelves for hand luggage and suitcases. There are seat numbers above the seats. The windows have curtains made of brown and beige fabric with the PKP logo. The walls are lined with boards made of hard decorative laminate of the Unilam type, in the color of wood. The door to the compartment is manually moved to the side. Corridor lined with Unilam decorative laminate. Folding seats between the windows. Illumination of the wagon with lamps equipped with fluorescent lamps. Hard linoleum (vinileum) 3-5 mm thick was laid on the floor. At the junction, the vinyl is welded. The corridor is separated from the vestibules by swinging doors. Between the compartments and the corridor there are light walls made of waterproof plywood and 5 mm thick glass. The interior trim is dominated by aluminum alloys in silver or gold. The strips cover the joints of the laminate boards and cover the sharp edges.
Rolling trolleys.
4AN bogies were used in the wagons. A two-axle bogie and with a service weight of 39,500 kg, it worked well. Driving speeds of up to 160 km/h were no problem for him and the run was smooth. Initially, the Oerlikon brake system was used. The brakes are block. Safety brake levers were placed in the corridor inside the cars and in each compartment. Each wagon was also equipped with a manual screw brake, activated from one of the vestibules by means of a crank wheel installed there. Over time, modernized bogies of the 4ANc type were installed. 4ANc bogies were installed in some cars even until 1992. There are also versions 4ANh, 4ANg.
In 1979, the production of wagons (111Ak) was started, which were equipped with new GP200 bogies. These strollers already have disc type brakes. The GP200 type truck is designed for speeds up to 160 km/h, while the GP200N type truck is designed for speeds up to 200 km/h. The abbreviation GP stood for Görlitz-Personenwagen, and the number 200 assumed its maximum speed capabilities, which was not so obvious in the first forklifts. The construction of the GP200 bogie was created in cooperation between the Czechoslovak wagon manufacturers and the East German VEB Waggonbau Görlitz plant.
In 1983, the production of wagons (111Al) was started, which are equipped with bogies of the 11AN type. Bogies type 11AN are bogies of Polish design, designed for a speed of 200 km/h. The frame of this stroller is open "H". The first stage suspension consists of four sets of steel coil springs with a rubber shock absorber. The second stage suspension consists of two sets of flexicoil steel coil springs and metal-rubber shock absorbers. Disc brakes of OBRPS design and Knorr-Bremse system. The prototypes of the trolleys were built in 1982.
In 1985, the production of wagons (111Ar) was started, equipped with 4ANh-6 bogies. The 2-axle trolley is of Polish construction, type 4ANh-6. The bogie was used for the 111Ar type cars and is often confused with the GP200 bogies it is similar to.
Type 111A T-T data:
Length 24.50 m. Width 2.91 m. Height 4.06 m. Service weight 39,500 kg. Number of seats 80. Total number of passengers in the car 170 people. Speed depending on the trolley used: 140 km/h, 160 km/h, 200 km/h.
Written by Karol Placha Hetman